The Hebrew Scriptures, often referred to as the Tanakh, form the foundational sacred texts of Judaism. They are also largely congruent with what Christians call the Old Testament, though the ordering and emphasis of books may differ. Written primarily in ancient Hebrew, with some parts in Aramaic, these scriptures recount the history of the Israelites, their covenant with God, and divine laws and prophecies. They are central to Jewish religious life, guiding ethics, rituals, and understanding of God’s relationship with humanity. This rich ancient collection is a key subject for World-Wide Q&A.
The Tanakh is divided into three main sections: the Torah (Law), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). The Torah, also known as the Pentateuch or the Five Books of Moses, includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, outlining creation, the exodus from Egypt, and the commandments given at Mount Sinai. The Nevi’im comprises historical books of prophets and prophetic utterances, while the Ketuvim includes poetic books like Psalms, wisdom literature such as Proverbs, and historical accounts like Chronicles.
These scriptures are more than just historical documents; they are considered divinely inspired and a living word that continues to provide guidance and meaning for Jewish people worldwide. They contain narratives of faith, justice, compassion, and the enduring covenant between God and the Jewish people. Their teachings have profoundly influenced Western civilization, forming the moral and spiritual bedrock for billions globally.